Research Article | | Peer-Reviewed

Marginalized Maximum Likelihood Estimation Method for the Three-parameter Lognormal Distribution

Received: 21 November 2025     Accepted: 11 December 2025     Published: 15 January 2026
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

This paper proposes an adjustment method to overcome the difficulties encountered by the maximum likelihood method in the case of the three-parameter lognormal distribution. Endeed, when the threshold parameter is close to the smallest order statistic, the standard likelihood function is no longer bounded. In this case, maximum likelihood estimators are no longer accessible. Our strategy is twofold: first, we construct adaptive bounds intended to contain the location and shape parameters with a probability close to one as the sample size increases. Second, we construct a marginal likelihood function, which we maximize using an optimization method available in the R software through the ”nlnimb” package. This likelihood function is based on the (n-1) largest order statistics. Finally, Monte Carlo simulation studies are used to analyze the asymptotic behavior of the constructed intervals and to study the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators through bias and the Root Mean-Squared Error(RMSE).

Published in Mathematics and Computer Science (Volume 11, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.mcs.20261101.11
Page(s) 1-5
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2026. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Order statistics, Maximum Likelihood Estimation, Left Censored Samples, Three Parameter Lognormal Distribution

References
[1] Munro A. H. and R. A. J. Wixley. Estimation on order statistics of small samples from a three-parameter lognormal distribution. Journal of the American Statistical Society, 65: 212-225, 1970.
[2] Prasanta Basak, Indrani Basak, N. Balakrishnan . Estimation for the three-parameter lognormal distribution based on progressively censored data. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, 53: 3580-3592, 2009.
[3] B. J. Whitten Cohen, A. C. Estimation in the three-parameter lognormal distribution. Journal of the American Statistical Society, 75: 399-404, 1980.
[4] B. M. Hill. The three-parameter log-normal distribution and bayesian analysis of a pointsource epidemic. J. Amer. Statist. Assoc, Vol. 58: pp. 72-84, 1963.
[5] Hirose H. Komori, Y. Easy estimation by a new parameterization for the three-parameter lognormal distribution. Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation, 74: 63-74, 2004.
[6] Balakrishnan N Nagatsuka, H. A consistent method of estimation for the three-parameter lognormal distribution based on type-ii right censored data. Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods, Vol. 45: pp. 5693-5708, 2016.
[7] Ouindllassida Jean-Etienne Ouédraogo, Edoh Katchekpele and Simplice Dossou-Gbete. Marginalized maximum likelihood for parameters estimation of the three parameter weibull distribution. International Journal of Statistics and Probability, Vol. 10(No.4): pp. 62-76, 2021.
[8] R Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing.
[9] Casella G. Robert C. P. Monte carlo integration. in: Introducing monte carlo methods with r. Springer, New York, NY., 2010.
[10] Maneerat P, Nakjai P, Niwitpong S. Estimation methods for the ratio of medians of three-parameter lognormal distributions containing zero values and their application to wind speed data from northern Thailand, 2022. PeerJ 10: e14194.
[11] Kozlov, V. and Maysuradze, Archil, Parameter Estimation in a Three-parameter Lognormal Distribution, Computational Mathematics and modeilling , Volume 30, 2019.
[12] Komori, Y. Suitable Algorithm Associated with a Parameterization for the Three-Parameter Log-Normal Distribution. Communications in Statistics-Simulation and Computation, 44(1), 239-246, 2015.
[13] Tolikas, K., & Heravi, S. The Anderson-Darling Goodness-of-Fit Test Statistic for the Three-Parameter Lognormal Distribution. Communications in Statistics, Theory and Methods, 37(19), 2008, 3135-3143.
[14] Meena, Rakesh Kumar, Kumar, Sushil, A semi-analytical solutions of the multi-dimensional time-fractional Klein-Gordon equations using residual power series method, Physica Scripta,vol. 99, 2024
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Jean-Etienne, O. O., Edoh, K. (2026). Marginalized Maximum Likelihood Estimation Method for the Three-parameter Lognormal Distribution. Mathematics and Computer Science, 11(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mcs.20261101.11

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Jean-Etienne, O. O.; Edoh, K. Marginalized Maximum Likelihood Estimation Method for the Three-parameter Lognormal Distribution. Math. Comput. Sci. 2026, 11(1), 1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.mcs.20261101.11

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Jean-Etienne OO, Edoh K. Marginalized Maximum Likelihood Estimation Method for the Three-parameter Lognormal Distribution. Math Comput Sci. 2026;11(1):1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.mcs.20261101.11

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.mcs.20261101.11,
      author = {Ouedraogo Ouindllassida Jean-Etienne and Katchekpele Edoh},
      title = {Marginalized Maximum Likelihood Estimation Method for the Three-parameter Lognormal Distribution
    
    },
      journal = {Mathematics and Computer Science},
      volume = {11},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-5},
      doi = {10.11648/j.mcs.20261101.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mcs.20261101.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.mcs.20261101.11},
      abstract = {This paper proposes an adjustment method to overcome the difficulties encountered by the maximum likelihood method in the case of the three-parameter lognormal distribution. Endeed, when the threshold parameter is close to the smallest order statistic, the standard likelihood function is no longer bounded. In this case, maximum likelihood estimators are no longer accessible. Our strategy is twofold: first, we construct adaptive bounds intended to contain the location and shape parameters with a probability close to one as the sample size increases. Second, we construct a marginal likelihood function, which we maximize using an optimization method available in the R software through the ”nlnimb” package. This likelihood function is based on the (n-1) largest order statistics. Finally, Monte Carlo simulation studies are used to analyze the asymptotic behavior of the constructed intervals and to study the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators through bias and the Root Mean-Squared Error(RMSE).
    },
     year = {2026}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Marginalized Maximum Likelihood Estimation Method for the Three-parameter Lognormal Distribution
    
    
    AU  - Ouedraogo Ouindllassida Jean-Etienne
    AU  - Katchekpele Edoh
    Y1  - 2026/01/15
    PY  - 2026
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mcs.20261101.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.mcs.20261101.11
    T2  - Mathematics and Computer Science
    JF  - Mathematics and Computer Science
    JO  - Mathematics and Computer Science
    SP  - 1
    EP  - 5
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-6028
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mcs.20261101.11
    AB  - This paper proposes an adjustment method to overcome the difficulties encountered by the maximum likelihood method in the case of the three-parameter lognormal distribution. Endeed, when the threshold parameter is close to the smallest order statistic, the standard likelihood function is no longer bounded. In this case, maximum likelihood estimators are no longer accessible. Our strategy is twofold: first, we construct adaptive bounds intended to contain the location and shape parameters with a probability close to one as the sample size increases. Second, we construct a marginal likelihood function, which we maximize using an optimization method available in the R software through the ”nlnimb” package. This likelihood function is based on the (n-1) largest order statistics. Finally, Monte Carlo simulation studies are used to analyze the asymptotic behavior of the constructed intervals and to study the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators through bias and the Root Mean-Squared Error(RMSE).
    
    VL  - 11
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Science and technology, University of Norbert ZONGO, Koudougou, Burkina Faso

  • Science and technology, University of Norbert ZONGO, Koudougou, Burkina Faso; Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Kara, Kara, Togo

  • Sections