Phenological data plays a vital role in crop management and decision-making processes that influence the global food system. This systematic review aims to explore how wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) phenology responds to variations in temperature and carbon dioxide across different growth stages, as well as the resulting impacts on nutritional quality. A growing body of global research highlights significant shifts in wheat phenology due to rising temperatures. However, findings are inconsistent some studies report an advancement of phenological stages by several days per decade, while others observe delays in the growing season, vegetative, and reproductive phases. Elevated carbon dioxide levels also influence wheat phenology, triggering both early and delayed flowering, as well as variations in elongation and maturity. Climate variability disrupts wheat's carbon metabolism, mineral uptake, and nutrient use efficiency, contributing to reductions in essential minerals such as Fe, Mg, Mn, P, S, and Zn, which carry serious health and nutritional consequences. Consequently, wheat phenology, yield, and nutritional content are all sensitive to climatic changes. To mitigate these effects, the use of wheat varieties with region-specific adaptation strategies is recommended in the face of a changing climate.
| Published in | Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 14, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.aff.20251403.12 |
| Page(s) | 91-104 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Climate Change, Climate Variability, Carbon Dioxide, Temperature, Phenology, Wheat
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APA Style
Bogale, T., Degefa, S., Dalle, G. (2025). Phenological Responses of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Crop to Climate Variability and Change: Review. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 14(3), 91-104. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20251403.12
ACS Style
Bogale, T.; Degefa, S.; Dalle, G. Phenological Responses of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Crop to Climate Variability and Change: Review. Agric. For. Fish. 2025, 14(3), 91-104. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20251403.12
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Download@article{10.11648/j.aff.20251403.12,
author = {Tesfaye Bogale and Sileshi Degefa and Gemedo Dalle},
title = {Phenological Responses of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Crop to Climate Variability and Change: Review
},
journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
volume = {14},
number = {3},
pages = {91-104},
doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20251403.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20251403.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20251403.12},
abstract = {Phenological data plays a vital role in crop management and decision-making processes that influence the global food system. This systematic review aims to explore how wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) phenology responds to variations in temperature and carbon dioxide across different growth stages, as well as the resulting impacts on nutritional quality. A growing body of global research highlights significant shifts in wheat phenology due to rising temperatures. However, findings are inconsistent some studies report an advancement of phenological stages by several days per decade, while others observe delays in the growing season, vegetative, and reproductive phases. Elevated carbon dioxide levels also influence wheat phenology, triggering both early and delayed flowering, as well as variations in elongation and maturity. Climate variability disrupts wheat's carbon metabolism, mineral uptake, and nutrient use efficiency, contributing to reductions in essential minerals such as Fe, Mg, Mn, P, S, and Zn, which carry serious health and nutritional consequences. Consequently, wheat phenology, yield, and nutritional content are all sensitive to climatic changes. To mitigate these effects, the use of wheat varieties with region-specific adaptation strategies is recommended in the face of a changing climate.
},
year = {2025}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Phenological Responses of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Crop to Climate Variability and Change: Review AU - Tesfaye Bogale AU - Sileshi Degefa AU - Gemedo Dalle Y1 - 2025/05/29 PY - 2025 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20251403.12 DO - 10.11648/j.aff.20251403.12 T2 - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries JF - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries JO - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries SP - 91 EP - 104 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2328-5648 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20251403.12 AB - Phenological data plays a vital role in crop management and decision-making processes that influence the global food system. This systematic review aims to explore how wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) phenology responds to variations in temperature and carbon dioxide across different growth stages, as well as the resulting impacts on nutritional quality. A growing body of global research highlights significant shifts in wheat phenology due to rising temperatures. However, findings are inconsistent some studies report an advancement of phenological stages by several days per decade, while others observe delays in the growing season, vegetative, and reproductive phases. Elevated carbon dioxide levels also influence wheat phenology, triggering both early and delayed flowering, as well as variations in elongation and maturity. Climate variability disrupts wheat's carbon metabolism, mineral uptake, and nutrient use efficiency, contributing to reductions in essential minerals such as Fe, Mg, Mn, P, S, and Zn, which carry serious health and nutritional consequences. Consequently, wheat phenology, yield, and nutritional content are all sensitive to climatic changes. To mitigate these effects, the use of wheat varieties with region-specific adaptation strategies is recommended in the face of a changing climate. VL - 14 IS - 3 ER -
Center for Environmental Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Center for Environmental Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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