Advancements in Solid-State Batteries Overcoming Challenges in Energy Density and Safety - Review

Worku Solomon Tamire; Tsiye Tekleyohanis Hailemariam

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12

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Advancements in Solid-State Batteries Overcoming Challenges in Energy Density and Safety - Review

Worku Solomon Tamire^*

, Tsiye Tekleyohanis Hailemariam

Published in American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 13, Issue 2)

Received: 3 March 2025 Accepted: 25 March 2025 Published: 28 April 2025

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Abstract

Solid-state batteries (SSBs) have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), offering higher energy density, improved safety, and longer cycle life. This review explores recent advancements in SSB technology, focusing on the development of solid electrolytes, electrode materials, and interface engineering. Solid electrolytes, including oxide-based (Li7La3Zr2O12), sulfide-based (Li10GeP2S12), and polymer-based (PEO-LiTFSI) materials, are critical to SSB performance. While oxide-based electrolytes provide high ionic conductivity and stability, sulfide-based electrolytes offer ultra-high conductivity but suffer from air sensitivity. Polymer-based electrolytes are flexible and easy to process but exhibit low conductivity at room temperature. Key challenges such as high interfacial resistance, dendrite formation, and volume changes are addressed through strategies like surface modification, composite electrodes, and 3D architectures. Advanced characterization techniques, including in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray tomography, provide insights into structural and chemical changes during operation. Computational modeling, such as density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD), accelerates material discovery and interface optimization. Despite significant progress, challenges remain in scalability, performance, and safety. Future research should focus on developing scalable fabrication methods, optimizing electrode-electrolyte interfaces, and integrating SSBs with renewable energy systems for grid storage and electric vehicles. SSBs have the potential to revolutionize energy storage, enabling the widespread adoption of renewable energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Continued innovation and collaboration across disciplines will be essential to overcome remaining challenges and unlock the full potential of SSBs.

Published in	American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 13, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12
Page(s)	39-46
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Solid-State Batteries (SSBs), Solid Electrolytes, Interfacial Resistance, Energy Density, Renewable Energy Integration

References

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APA Style

Tamire, W. S., Hailemariam, T. T. (2025). Advancements in Solid-State Batteries Overcoming Challenges in Energy Density and Safety - Review. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 13(2), 39-46. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12

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ACS Style

Tamire, W. S.; Hailemariam, T. T. Advancements in Solid-State Batteries Overcoming Challenges in Energy Density and Safety - Review. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2025, 13(2), 39-46. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12

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AMA Style

Tamire WS, Hailemariam TT. Advancements in Solid-State Batteries Overcoming Challenges in Energy Density and Safety - Review. Am J Appl Chem. 2025;13(2):39-46. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12,
  author = {Worku Solomon Tamire and Tsiye Tekleyohanis Hailemariam},
  title = {Advancements in Solid-State Batteries Overcoming Challenges in Energy Density and Safety - Review
},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
  volume = {13},
  number = {2},
  pages = {39-46},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20251302.12},
  abstract = {Solid-state batteries (SSBs) have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), offering higher energy density, improved safety, and longer cycle life. This review explores recent advancements in SSB technology, focusing on the development of solid electrolytes, electrode materials, and interface engineering. Solid electrolytes, including oxide-based (Li7La3Zr2O12), sulfide-based (Li10GeP2S12), and polymer-based (PEO-LiTFSI) materials, are critical to SSB performance. While oxide-based electrolytes provide high ionic conductivity and stability, sulfide-based electrolytes offer ultra-high conductivity but suffer from air sensitivity. Polymer-based electrolytes are flexible and easy to process but exhibit low conductivity at room temperature. Key challenges such as high interfacial resistance, dendrite formation, and volume changes are addressed through strategies like surface modification, composite electrodes, and 3D architectures. Advanced characterization techniques, including in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray tomography, provide insights into structural and chemical changes during operation. Computational modeling, such as density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD), accelerates material discovery and interface optimization. Despite significant progress, challenges remain in scalability, performance, and safety. Future research should focus on developing scalable fabrication methods, optimizing electrode-electrolyte interfaces, and integrating SSBs with renewable energy systems for grid storage and electric vehicles. SSBs have the potential to revolutionize energy storage, enabling the widespread adoption of renewable energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Continued innovation and collaboration across disciplines will be essential to overcome remaining challenges and unlock the full potential of SSBs.
},
 year = {2025}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Advancements in Solid-State Batteries Overcoming Challenges in Energy Density and Safety - Review

AU  - Worku Solomon Tamire
AU  - Tsiye Tekleyohanis Hailemariam
Y1  - 2025/04/28
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12
T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
SP  - 39
EP  - 46
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8745
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12
AB  - Solid-state batteries (SSBs) have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), offering higher energy density, improved safety, and longer cycle life. This review explores recent advancements in SSB technology, focusing on the development of solid electrolytes, electrode materials, and interface engineering. Solid electrolytes, including oxide-based (Li7La3Zr2O12), sulfide-based (Li10GeP2S12), and polymer-based (PEO-LiTFSI) materials, are critical to SSB performance. While oxide-based electrolytes provide high ionic conductivity and stability, sulfide-based electrolytes offer ultra-high conductivity but suffer from air sensitivity. Polymer-based electrolytes are flexible and easy to process but exhibit low conductivity at room temperature. Key challenges such as high interfacial resistance, dendrite formation, and volume changes are addressed through strategies like surface modification, composite electrodes, and 3D architectures. Advanced characterization techniques, including in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray tomography, provide insights into structural and chemical changes during operation. Computational modeling, such as density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD), accelerates material discovery and interface optimization. Despite significant progress, challenges remain in scalability, performance, and safety. Future research should focus on developing scalable fabrication methods, optimizing electrode-electrolyte interfaces, and integrating SSBs with renewable energy systems for grid storage and electric vehicles. SSBs have the potential to revolutionize energy storage, enabling the widespread adoption of renewable energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Continued innovation and collaboration across disciplines will be essential to overcome remaining challenges and unlock the full potential of SSBs.

VL  - 13
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Worku Solomon Tamire

Mechanical Engineering, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0002-5234-7594
Tsiye Tekleyohanis Hailemariam

Chemical Engineering, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia

http://orcid.org/0009-0000-8128-8736

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Tamire, W. S., Hailemariam, T. T. (2025). Advancements in Solid-State Batteries Overcoming Challenges in Energy Density and Safety - Review. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 13(2), 39-46. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12

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ACS Style

Tamire, W. S.; Hailemariam, T. T. Advancements in Solid-State Batteries Overcoming Challenges in Energy Density and Safety - Review. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2025, 13(2), 39-46. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12

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AMA Style

Tamire WS, Hailemariam TT. Advancements in Solid-State Batteries Overcoming Challenges in Energy Density and Safety - Review. Am J Appl Chem. 2025;13(2):39-46. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12,
  author = {Worku Solomon Tamire and Tsiye Tekleyohanis Hailemariam},
  title = {Advancements in Solid-State Batteries Overcoming Challenges in Energy Density and Safety - Review
},
  journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
  volume = {13},
  number = {2},
  pages = {39-46},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20251302.12},
  abstract = {Solid-state batteries (SSBs) have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), offering higher energy density, improved safety, and longer cycle life. This review explores recent advancements in SSB technology, focusing on the development of solid electrolytes, electrode materials, and interface engineering. Solid electrolytes, including oxide-based (Li7La3Zr2O12), sulfide-based (Li10GeP2S12), and polymer-based (PEO-LiTFSI) materials, are critical to SSB performance. While oxide-based electrolytes provide high ionic conductivity and stability, sulfide-based electrolytes offer ultra-high conductivity but suffer from air sensitivity. Polymer-based electrolytes are flexible and easy to process but exhibit low conductivity at room temperature. Key challenges such as high interfacial resistance, dendrite formation, and volume changes are addressed through strategies like surface modification, composite electrodes, and 3D architectures. Advanced characterization techniques, including in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray tomography, provide insights into structural and chemical changes during operation. Computational modeling, such as density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD), accelerates material discovery and interface optimization. Despite significant progress, challenges remain in scalability, performance, and safety. Future research should focus on developing scalable fabrication methods, optimizing electrode-electrolyte interfaces, and integrating SSBs with renewable energy systems for grid storage and electric vehicles. SSBs have the potential to revolutionize energy storage, enabling the widespread adoption of renewable energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Continued innovation and collaboration across disciplines will be essential to overcome remaining challenges and unlock the full potential of SSBs.
},
 year = {2025}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Advancements in Solid-State Batteries Overcoming Challenges in Energy Density and Safety - Review

AU  - Worku Solomon Tamire
AU  - Tsiye Tekleyohanis Hailemariam
Y1  - 2025/04/28
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12
T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
SP  - 39
EP  - 46
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8745
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20251302.12
AB  - Solid-state batteries (SSBs) have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), offering higher energy density, improved safety, and longer cycle life. This review explores recent advancements in SSB technology, focusing on the development of solid electrolytes, electrode materials, and interface engineering. Solid electrolytes, including oxide-based (Li7La3Zr2O12), sulfide-based (Li10GeP2S12), and polymer-based (PEO-LiTFSI) materials, are critical to SSB performance. While oxide-based electrolytes provide high ionic conductivity and stability, sulfide-based electrolytes offer ultra-high conductivity but suffer from air sensitivity. Polymer-based electrolytes are flexible and easy to process but exhibit low conductivity at room temperature. Key challenges such as high interfacial resistance, dendrite formation, and volume changes are addressed through strategies like surface modification, composite electrodes, and 3D architectures. Advanced characterization techniques, including in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray tomography, provide insights into structural and chemical changes during operation. Computational modeling, such as density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD), accelerates material discovery and interface optimization. Despite significant progress, challenges remain in scalability, performance, and safety. Future research should focus on developing scalable fabrication methods, optimizing electrode-electrolyte interfaces, and integrating SSBs with renewable energy systems for grid storage and electric vehicles. SSBs have the potential to revolutionize energy storage, enabling the widespread adoption of renewable energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Continued innovation and collaboration across disciplines will be essential to overcome remaining challenges and unlock the full potential of SSBs.

VL  - 13
IS  - 2
ER  -

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