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Research Article
Giant Left Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm with the Occlusion of Left Coronary Ostia in a Syphilitic: A Case Report
Bian Longrong,
Cui Ying,
Wu Zhong*
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2026
Pages:
28-32
Received:
23 June 2026
Accepted:
3 July 2026
Published:
27 July 2026
Abstract: Background: Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) is a rare anomaly that can be congenital or acquired. Left SVA is an extremely rare condition. Acquired SVA is often associated with infectious aetiologies, including syphilis, bacterial endocarditis, and tuberculosis. We report a rare case of giant left sinus of Valsalva aneurysm with the occlusion of left coronary ostia in a 28-year-old male patient with syphilis. Case presentation: A 28-year-old man present with a 6-month history of chest pain and heart failure. The imaging examination revealed the giant aneurysm originated from the left sinus of Valsalva, but the left coronary artery did not show. In addition, the patient had active syphilis and was being treated with penicillin. The patient was referred for surgery, Bentall procedure was completed with a single anastomosed right coronary artery. Intraoperative observations and pathological examination supported the diagnosis of cardiovascular syphilis. The patient recovered uneventfully and discharged 9 days later. At 36 months of follow-up, there were no coronary events or prosthesis dysfunction. Conclusion: Syphilitic cardiovascular disease included syphilitic aortitis, aortic aneurysms, aortic regurgitation and coronary ostial stenosis, and gummatous myocarditis. The diagnosis of this disease requires a combination of clinical symptoms, imaging examinations and pathological results. Surgery and penicillin are effective treatment options.
Abstract: Background: Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) is a rare anomaly that can be congenital or acquired. Left SVA is an extremely rare condition. Acquired SVA is often associated with infectious aetiologies, including syphilis, bacterial endocarditis, and tuberculosis. We report a rare case of giant left sinus of Valsalva aneurysm with the occlusion of l...
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Research Article
Ankle–Brachial Index Screening for Peripheral Artery Disease in Diabetic Patients: A Hospital-Based Study in Senegal
Ngone Diaba Gaye*
,
Joseph Salvador Mingou,
Moussa Ndiaye,
Malick Ndiaye,
Marguerite Tening Diouf,
Lamine Ly,
Seydina Oumar Gueye,
Mamadou Adama Thiam,
Alassane Mbaye,
Abdoul Kane,
Aliou Alassane Ngaide
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2026
Pages:
33-40
Received:
10 July 2026
Accepted:
22 July 2026
Published:
10 August 2026
Abstract: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and diabetes mellitus is one of its most important risk factors; however, a large proportion of patients remain asymptomatic and undiagnosed, and the ankle–brachial index (ABI) is a simple, non-invasive and reliable method recommended for its screening. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of PAD in diabetic patients using ABI and to evaluate its association with cardiovascular risk factors in a hospital setting in Senegal. We conducted a prospective cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study from September 2021 to October 2022 in the cardiology and internal medicine departments of the Idrissa Pouye General Hospital; adult diabetic patients aged ≥18 years were included, and sociodemographic characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, clinical findings and laboratory data were collected. ABI was measured using a handheld Doppler device, PAD was defined as ABI < 0.9, and associations between PAD and cardiovascular risk factors were evaluated using appropriate statistical tests with a significance level of p < 0.05. A total of 100 patients with diabetes were included; the mean age was 60.6 ± 11.7 years, 57% were women, and the median duration of diabetes was 8 years. The most frequent cardiovascular risk factors were hypertension (64%), physical inactivity (58%), dyslipidemia (27%), smoking (19%) and obesity (11.9%); intermittent claudication was reported by 18% of patients, while erectile dysfunction was observed in 67.4% of men (29 of 43). The prevalence of lower extremity PAD, defined by an ABI < 0.9, was 17%; most cases were well compensated (70.6%), while 23.5% were poorly compensated and 5.9% had severe hemodynamic impairment. PAD was more frequent in patients older than 60 years, although this association was not statistically significant, whereas smoking (p = 0.04) and dyslipidemia (p = 0.03) were significantly associated with PAD. In conclusion, lower extremity PAD was relatively frequent among patients with diabetes in this hospital-based Senegalese population and was often clinically under-recognized; these findings support the integration of ABI measurement into the routine cardiovascular assessment of patients with diabetes, particularly in those with additional risk factors, to improve early detection and prevention of vascular complications.
Abstract: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and diabetes mellitus is one of its most important risk factors; however, a large proportion of patients remain asymptomatic and undiagnosed, and the ankle–brachial index (ABI) is a simple, non-invasive an...
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Research Article
Prevalence and Characteristics of Hypertension Among People Aged 60 Years and Older in Guediawaye, Senegal:
A Population-based Cross-sectional Study
Ngone Diaba Gaye*,
Aliou Alassane Ngaide,
Fatou Aw Leye,
Simon Antoine Sarr,
Joseph Salvador Mingou,
Marguerite Tening Diouf,
Malick Ndiaye,
Momar Dioum,
Mouhamadou Bamba Ndiaye,
Alassane Mbaye,
Maboury Diao,
Abdoul Kane
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2026
Pages:
41-48
Received:
10 July 2026
Accepted:
20 July 2026
Published:
18 August 2026
Abstract: Hypertension is a major determinant of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, particularly among older adults, and in sub-Saharan Africa its screening and control remain insufficient despite the ongoing epidemiological transition. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hypertension among people aged 60 years and older living in the Dakar suburbs and to describe their sociodemographic and clinical profile and associated risk factors. We conducted a quantitative, descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with prospective data collection between October 2022 and June 2023 in the department of Guediawaye. Participants aged 60 years and older were recruited using stratified and systematic sampling, and data were collected through a questionnaire and a standardised clinical examination. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, or current use of antihypertensive treatment, and analyses were performed using RStudio. A total of 1,815 participants aged 60 to 103 years were included, with a mean age of 69.79 years. The crude prevalence of hypertension was 83.4%, corresponding to 1,513 hypertensive participants, of whom 69.4% were women. More than half had a low socioeconomic status, which was associated with poor blood pressure control, and the main cardiovascular risk factors were physical inactivity (88.3%), overweight (30.9%), obesity (19.6%) and diabetes (19.4%). Overall, 39.1% of hypertensive participants were unaware of their diagnosis; among those with known hypertension, 80.5% were receiving treatment, yet only 17.3% of treated patients had controlled blood pressure, and mean blood pressure was 156.7/89.1 mmHg. The most frequent symptoms were dyspnoea, palpitations and chest pain. In conclusion, hypertension was highly prevalent among older adults in Guediawaye, with poor blood pressure control, and these findings support systematic screening, regular follow-up and improved access to treatment.
Abstract: Hypertension is a major determinant of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, particularly among older adults, and in sub-Saharan Africa its screening and control remain insufficient despite the ongoing epidemiological transition. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hypertension among people aged 60 years and older living in the Dakar sub...
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Research Article
Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic Aspects of Hypertensive Patients at the Renaissance University Hospital Center in N'Djamena, Chad
Ali Adam Ahamat*,
Doune Narcisse,
Mariam Seid Adelroudjal,
Brahim Aware,
Houba Urbain,
Mbaidedjim Sylvain,
Yusra Aboulbachar
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2026
Pages:
49-54
Received:
15 July 2026
Accepted:
25 July 2026
Published:
20 August 2026
Abstract: Introduction and objective: Hypertension is a major global public health problem and is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases worldwide due to its prevalence and complications. The objective of this study was to determine the electrocardiographic and echocardiographic characteristics of hypertensive patients at the Renaissance University Hospital Center in N'Djamena, Chad. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection over a 12-month period from June 1st, 2023 to May 31st, 2024. The study included all medical records of hypertensive patients aged 18 years and older who were on follow up in the Cardiology Department and that underwent an electrocardiogram and a Doppler echocardiogram. We examined sociodemographic, clinical, paraclinical, and therapeutic variables. Results: A total of 322 records were collected. The patient population was predominantly male, with a male-to-female sex ratio of 1.3. The mean age was 55.6 years. Civil servants accounted for 33.2% of cases. The main cardiovascular risk factors identified were diabetes (21.4%), obesity (21%), and dyslipidemia (18.6%). Functionally, Dieulafoy’s neurosensory signs were the most common, at 52.4%. The most commonly prescribed antihypertensive drugs were calcium channel blockers (62.4%) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (49.1%). On electrocardiogram, the most common abnormalities were atrial hypertrophy (16.1%) and ventricular hypertrophy (13.6%). Cardiac arrhythmia due to atrial fibrillation was observed in 3.4% of cases. On echocardiography, the most common abnormalities were ventricular hypertrophy (32.3%), left atrial dilation (14.6%), and reduced left ventricular systolic function (7.1%). Conclusion: In this study, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic abnormalities in hypertensive patients were dominated by left ventricular hypertrophy, left atrial dilation, and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. These abnormalities were most common in patients with long-standing, uncontrolled hypertension.
Abstract: Introduction and objective: Hypertension is a major global public health problem and is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases worldwide due to its prevalence and complications. The objective of this study was to determine the electrocardiographic and echocardiographic characteristics of hypertensive patients at the Renaissance Universit...
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